新时代研究生学术英语：综合教程1第六单元答案

Pair work

1 1) created

  1. gender

  2. identify

  3. neutral

  4. range

  5. option

  6. Share

  7. recognizes

2

1(Answers may vary.)
The voice sounds pretty genderless, a bit like a softly spoken man or woman with a soothing effect. It’s definitely less gendered than either of the male or female voices given to the current virtual assistants.

2(Answers may vary.)

Warm-up video

1)More than half
2)Over 40%
3)technical
4)no more than 10%
5)light industries
6)no more than 40%
7)serve as
8)shifting
9)with a gap of
10)over 20%
11)free of
12)stand out

Text One

Ex1

  1. Mx.

  2. they

  3. state their pronouns

  4. Pronoun preferences

  5. gender-anonymity

  6. more important

  7. disadvantages

  8. gender inequality

  9. they / them

  10. Mx.
    11)salutations

  11. misgendering

  12. the role

  13. real improvement

Ex2

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1

Most other virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa speak in notably feminine tones, while Q speaks in a gender-neutral tone.

2

They use people’s preferred pronouns — including the gender-neutral singular “they.”

3

They have found that those activists generally support the idea of announcing pronouns on email signatures and in introductions.

4

Highlighting gender often disadvantages women, and may also worsen gender inequality by making women more aware of their own gender identity.

5

By keeping their gender anonymous, they can escape judgments based on gender, and get rid of the obligation to be gendered in the first place.

6

One suggestion is to use “they / them” for everyone, regardless of gender identity. The other is to make Mx. the salutation for everyone or simply do away with salutations altogether.

7

The use of the singular “they” avoids the problem of misgendering by not using pronouns to gender people in the first place. Plus, it reduces the role of gender in everyday interactions, which is likely to be good for women.

8

Most of them dismiss it as pie-in-the-sky thinking. (They think it is unrealistic and unlikely to happen, and don’t take the idea seriously.).

9

(Answers may vary.)

Ex3

(Answers may vary.)

Academic Reading Skill(按顺序a是第一个b是第二个c是第三个)

bdca

Language Enhancement

Ex1

  1. feminine

  2. conspicuously

  3. presumption

  4. reinforces

  5. alternative

  6. disadvantage

  7. identical

  8. stereotype

  9. likewise

  10. perpetuate

Ex2

A. 1) about

  1. against

  2. up

  3. of

  4. out ，

  5. of

  6. with

  7. in

  8. on

  9. off

B.1) do away with

  1. catch on

  2. pushing back against

  3. show up

  4. opt out of

  5. regardless of

  6. in the first place

  7. getting serious about

Ex3

l) But equality is not just good for women. It's time the whole society, men included,
gets serious about it too.

  1. Across western cultures, it is now commo on to see married women not taking their husband’s last name.

  2. Given these challenges, it is not surprising that the entrepreneurs have had so little
    success in opening supermarket chains so far.

  3. Not only did he complete the required courses ahead of schedule, but he undertook
    some research projects.

  4. What if there were a solution when you had a boss who exploited employees? We
    think there is: enhancing your ability and quitting.

  5. Yet, who would have thought that Karen, that plain girl, would turn out to be a
    supermodel?

Ex4

  1. speak in conspicuously feminine tones

  2. show respect and promote inclusion

  3. come at a hidden cost to families

  4. as pie-in-the-sky thinking

  5. Don’t get us wrong

Text two

Ex1

  1. environmental influences

  2. strong, tough and athletic

  3. not masculine

  4. uncool

  5. education

  6. combination of behaviors

  7. desirable

  8. education

  9. academic achievement

  10. role models

  11. hard work and daily practice

  12. character traits

  13. high expectations

Ex2

FFTFFTTT

翻译

Graduate School of Education, Peking University, used survey data of students from 85 colleges and universities nationwide to analyze the gender differences in major selection among college students. The results showed that male students tended to choose science and engineering majors, while female students preferred to take humanities and social sciences.

There’s nothing wrong with selection differences if male and female students choose their majors based on physiological and psychological factors and interests. But if students lack professional guidance, coupled with the impact of gender stereotypes and the misleading of conventional views, their choices may be detrimental to discipline development and further disadvantage women in the labor market.

It is a basic national policy of China to promote gender equality and women’s development. Based on this, the education sector should reinforce college major selection guidance for high school students, and gradually reduce the negative influence of gender stereotypes and conventional ideas on students’ selection of majors.

Viewing Comprehension

  1. less -senior

  2. executive

  3. lower paid

  4. 70%

  5. 56%

  6. 13%

  7. lower

Academic Listening Skill

  1. A point-by-point method is used.

  2. Three key points are analyzed: jobs; occupations; effects of motherhood and fatherhood.

  3. Women and men.

Speaking

Ex1

(Answers may vary)

Ex2

(Answers may vary)

Ex3

(Answers may vary)

Writing

Ex1

TFTFF

Ex2

（Answers may vary.)

  1. Whether someone is regarded as creative or not may depend on whether that person

is a man or a woman一such tendency will possibly have an impact on the women’s

status in a company (Grewal, 2015).

  1. According to Maron (2016), people even cannot reach an agreement on the meaning of

the word “cure.”

  1. Women are more likely to fall in love with a good-looking man in a speed-dating,

according to study findings Nierenberg, 2017).

  1. Conger (2009) points out that men do not feel so happy when the economy goes worse

because compared with women, men think achieving a high level of wealth is more

important.

Ex3

(Answers may vary.)
Note: Only the paraphrase and one item in “References” are provided below.

Paraphrasing:
According to Grewal (2015), people may have gender discrimination against women for not believing women can come up with creative ideas.

References
Grewal, D. (2015, December 8). The creativity bias against women. Scientific American. Retrieved December 30, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican. com/article/the-creativity-bias-against-women/